Disorders of the Liver, Exocrine Pancreas, and Gastrointestinal Tract in Dogs and Cats 1st Edition

Contents:
Table of Contents
Title Page
Copyright
List of Contributors
Preface
List of Abbreviations
About the Companion Website
CHAPTER 1: Liver Enzymes and Liver Function Testing
LIVER ENZYMES
LIVER FUNCTION TESTING
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 2: Diagnostic Imaging of the Hepatobiliary System
INTRODUCTION
NORMAL ULTRASOUND OF THE LIVER AND BILIARY SYSTEM
MR AND CT OF THE NORMAL LIVER AND BILIARY SYSTEM
ABNORMAL CONDITIONS OF THE LIVER AND BILIARY SYSTEM
GALLBLADDER MUCOCELES
EXTRAHEPATIC BILIARY OBSTRUCTION
VASCULAR AND DUCTAL PLATE ANOMALIES
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 3: Hepatic Cytology
INTRODUCTION
INDICATIONS AND LIMITATIONS
SAMPLE SUBMISSION
HEPATOBILIARY NEOPLASIA
NODULAR HYPERPLASIA AND REGENERATION
INFLAMMATION
FIBROSIS
AMYLOIDOSIS
METABOLIC DISEASE
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 4: Histopathology of the Liver
INTRODUCTION
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR LIVER SAMPLING
NORMAL HEPATIC HISTOLOGY
TRIMMING OF LIVER BIOPSIES
HISTOPATHOLOGIC EVALUATION
HISTOPATHOLOGIC LESIONS OF COMMON LIVER DISEASES
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 5: Other Liver Diagnostic Tests
COAGULATION TESTING
PRIMARY HEMOSTASIS
SECONDARY HEMOSTASIS
VISCOELASTIC TESTING
COAGULATION SCREENING SUMMARY
COMMON FINDINGS IN DOGS AND CATS WITH HEPATOBILIARY DISEASE
PROTEIN C
MICRORNAS
URINE ISOPROSTANES
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 6: Congenital Portosystemic Shunts
INTRODUCTION
ANATOMY
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
SIGNALMENT
CLINICAL SIGNS
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 7: Microvascular Dysplasia/Portal Vein Hypoplasia
INTRODUCTION
SIGNALMENT
CLINICAL SIGNS
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
MONITORING
PROGNOSIS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 8: Hepatic Encephalopathy
INTRODUCTION
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
ASTROCYTES, ACUTE AND CHRONIC HE
CAUSES OF HE
CLINICAL SIGNS
DIAGNOSIS
MEDICAL TREATMENT (ACUTE AND CHRONIC)
DIET
LACTULOSE
ANTIMICROBIALS
EMERGENCY MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
OTHER MEDICATIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 9: Portal Hypertension and Acquired Portosystemic Shunts
HEPATIC BLOOD FLOW
PORTAL HYPERTENSION
COMPLICATIONS OF PH
DIAGNOSIS OF PH AND MAPSS
TREATMENT OF PH
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 10: Ductal Plate Malformations
INTRODUCTION
CLINICAL SIGNS
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PROGNOSIS
CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 11: Acute Liver Injury
INTRODUCTION
ETIOLOGY
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
INITIAL EVALUATION OF PHYSICAL EXAM
DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH
THERAPEUTIC APPROACH
PROGNOSIS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 12: Chronic Hepatitis
INTRODUCTION
ETIOLOGY
PATHOGENESIS
SIGNALMENT AND CLINICAL FINDINGS
DIAGNOSIS
MANAGEMENT
PROGNOSIS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 13: Copper-associated Hepatopathy
BACKGROUND
ETIOLOGY
CLINICAL FEATURES
DIAGNOSIS
MANAGEMENT
COPPER ASSOCIATED HEPATOPATHY IN CATS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 14: Hepatocutaneous Syndrome
INTRODUCTION
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
CLINICAL PRESENTATION
DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING
HISTOPATHOLOGY
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
MONITORING
PROGNOSIS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 15: Vacuolar Hepatopathy
INTRODUCTION
ETIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS OF GLYCOGEN-TYPE VACUOLAR HEPATOPATHY
TREATMENT AND MONITORING
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 16: Infectious Biliary Tract and Gallbladder Disease
INTRODUCTION
BILIARY DEFENSE MECHANISMS
OVERVIEW OF NEUTROPHILIC CHOLANGITIS AND CHOLECYSTITIS
APPROACH TO A CASE
MANAGEMENT
SUMMARY
DISCLOSURES
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 17: Gallbladder Mucoceles
INTRODUCTION
ETIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS OF GALLBLADDER MUCOCELE
GALLBLADDER MUCOCELE TREATMENT AND PROGNOSIS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 18: Other Non-infectious Biliary Tract and Gallbladder Diseases
CHOLELITHIASIS
GALLBLADDER SLUDGE
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 19: Hepatobiliary Neoplasia
INTRODUCTION
PRESENTING COMPLAINTS
DIAGNOSTIC TESTING
STAGING TESTS
THERAPEUTIC OPTIONS
PROGNOSIS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 20: Nutritional Management of Common Hepatobiliary Disorders
INTRODUCTION
NUTRITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED HEPATIC DISEASE AND FAILURE
PROTEIN INTAKE REDUCTION IS ONLY INDICATED IN HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY OR URATE UROLITHIASIS
NUTRITIONAL MANAGEMENT OF SPECIFIC LIVER ASSOCIATED DISEASES
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 21: Laboratory Assessment of the Exocrine Pancreas
PANCREATITIS
EXOCRINE PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 22: Diagnostic Imaging of the Exocrine Pancreas
INTRODUCTION
RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGING OF THE PANCREAS
ULTRASOUND IMAGING OF THE PANCREAS
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGING OF THE PANCREAS
MRI IMAGING OF THE PANCREAS
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 23: Cytology of the Exocrine Pancreas
INTRODUCTION
SAMPLE COLLECTION
NORMAL CYTOLOGIC FINDINGS
ABNORMAL CYTOLOGIC FINDINGS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 24: Histopathology of the Exocrine Pancreas
INTRODUCTION
ACUTE PANCREATIC NECROSIS AND INFLAMMATION
ZINC TOXICITY
CHRONIC PANCREATITIS
EXOCRINE PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY
PANCREATIC HYPERPLASIA AND NEOPLASIA
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 25: Acute Pancreatitis in Dogs
INTRODUCTION
ETIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS OF AP
FIVE PILLARS OF AP TREATMENT
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 26: Chronic Pancreatitis in Dogs
INTRODUCTION
PREVALENCE, SIGNALMENT, AND CAUSES
SIGNALMENT
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
TREATMENT OF LONG-TERM SEQUELAE: EPI AND DM
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 27: Pancreatitis Complications
INTRODUCTION
LOCAL COMPLICATIONS
SYSTEMIC COMPLICATIONS
CHRONIC PANCREATITIS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 28: Pancreatitis in Cats
INTRODUCTION
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
CLINICAL PRESENTATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
PROGNOSIS/COMPLICATIONS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 29: Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency in Dogs
INTRODUCTION
ETIOPATHOGENESIS, GENETICS, AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
DIAGNOSIS OF EXOCRINE PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY
TREATMENT
PROGNOSIS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 30: Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency in Cats
INTRODUCTION
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
SIGNALMENT
CLINICAL SIGNS
DIAGNOSIS
IMAGING AND PATHOLOGY
TREATMENT
PROGNOSIS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 31: Neoplasia and Uncommon Disorders of the Exocrine Pancreas
EXOCRINE PANCREATIC NEOPLASIA
LESS COMMON EXOCRINE PANCREATIC LESIONS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 32: Nutritional Management of Exocrine Pancreatic Disorders
INTRODUCTION
EXOCRINE PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY
PANCREATITIS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 33: Laboratory Assessment of the Gastrointestinal Tract
INTRODUCTION
ROUTINE CLINICOPATHOLOGIC PARAMETERS
FECAL EXAMINATION
FURTHER CLINICOPATHOLOGIC EVALUATION
ADDITIONAL BIOMARKERS TO EVALUATE CHRONIC GI DISEASE
CONCLUDING REMARKS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 34: Diagnostic Imaging of the Gastrointestinal Tract
GASTROINTESTINAL WALLS
THE ESOPHAGUS
THE STOMACH
SMALL INTESTINE
CECUM
COLON AND RECTUM
PERIANAL REGION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 35: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
INTRODUCTION
EQUIPMENT
ENDOSCOPIC PROCEDURE
UPPER GI ENDOSCOPY
LOWER GI ENDOSCOPY
THERAPEUTIC ENDOSCOPIC TECHNIQUES
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 36: Cytology and Histopathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract (Dogs and Cats)
INTRODUCTION
SAMPLE QUALITY
CYTOLOGY
MUCOSA
CRYPTS AND GLANDS
LYMPHATIC VESSELS
BLOOD VESSELS
INFLAMMATORY CELLS
TUNICA MUSCULARIS
SEROSA
NERVOUS SYSTEM
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 37: Diseases of the Oral Cavity, Oropharynx, and Salivary Glands
INTRODUCTION
DISEASES OF THE ORAL CAVITY
DISEASES OF THE OROPHARYNX
DISEASES OF THE SALIVARY GLANDS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 38: Aerodigestive Disorders
INTRODUCTION
CLASSIFICATION
SIGNALMENT, HISTORY, AND CLINICAL SIGNS
DIAGNOSTIC MODALITIES
UPPER AIRWAY DISORDERS
LOWER AIRWAYS AND PULMONARY PARENCHYMA
UPPER DIGESTIVE TRACT
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 39A: Disorders of the Esophagus – Megaesophagus
INTRODUCTION
CLINICAL SIGNS AND PHYSICAL EXAM FINDINGS
DIAGNOSTIC TESTING
MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT
PROGNOSIS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 39B: Disorders of the Esophagus (Excluding Megaesophagus)
NORMAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
CRICOPHARYNGEAL MUSCLE DYSFUNCTION
ESOPHAGITIS
GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD)
HIATAL HERNIA
STRICTURE
FOREIGN BODIES
VASCULAR RING ANOMALIES
TUMORS
ESOPHAGEAL DIVERTICULUM
ESOPHAGEAL FISTULA
SPIROCERCOSIS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 40: Disorders of the Stomach
INTRODUCTION
PHYSIOLOGY OF THE STOMACH
CLINICAL SIGNS OF GASTRIC DISEASE
DIAGNOSTICS AND TECHNIQUES
DISEASES OF THE STOMACH
SPECIFIC PROCEDURES RELATING TO GASTRIC CONDITIONS
DRUGS FREQUENTLY USED WITH GASTRIC DISEASES
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 41: Disorders of the Small Intestine
INTRODUCTION
SPECIFIC DISORDERS OF THE SI
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 42: Disorders of the Large Intestine and Rectum
LARGE INTESTINAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
CONGENITAL DISEASES OF THE LARGE INTESTINE
IDIOPATHIC AND INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS OF THE LARGE INTESTINE
INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF THE LARGE INTESTINE
STRUCTURAL DISEASES OF THE LARGE INTESTINE
NEOPLASIA OF THE LARGE INTESTINE
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 43: Disorders of the Anus and Perianal Skin
SECTION 1 APPROACH TO PRESENTING PROBLEMS
SECTION 2 DISORDERS
UNDERSTANDING TOPICAL ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY PRINCIPLES
ALLERGIC SKIN DISEASE
INTERTRIGO (FRICTIONAL AND MOISTURE-INDUCED DERMATITIS)
FECAL INCONTINENCE-ASSOCIATED DERMATITIS
ANAL SAC DISEASE
HEPATOID GLAND NEOPLASIA
ANAL FURUNCULOSIS
MUCOCUTANEOUS LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 44: Microbiome, Metabolome, and Its Relationship to Gastrointestinal Disease
UNDERSTANDING THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOME
INTESTINAL MICROBIOME AND METABOLOME
GUT MICROBIOME IN GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES
TREATMENT STRATEGIES THAT AFFECT THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOME
SUMMARY
DISCLOSURE
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 45: Nutritional Management of Common Gastrointestinal Disorders
NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT
ASSISTED FEEDING METHODS
NUTRITIONAL MANAGEMENT OF COMMON GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS
ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS
GASTROINTESTINAL ADVERSE REACTION TO FOOD
CHRONIC ENTEROPATHY
INTESTINAL LYMPHANGIECTASIA
CONSTIPATION
SUMMARY TABLE
FLOWCHART
REFERENCES
Index
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